Geography
Geography - Oceans Seas Rivers
Oceans:
Ocean covers about 70% of the earth’s surface. It is a body of salt water. The five oceans are Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Southern (Antarctic) and Arctic. The largest and deepest ocean is the Pacific Ocean, and the smallest ocean is the Arctic Ocean. Pacific Ocean lies between Asia and Australia and between North and South America. It extends from Antarctic region in the south to the Arctic region in the north. The Atlantic Ocean is the 2nd largest ocean. It lies between North America and South America in the west and Europe and Africa on the east. The Indian Ocean is the 3rd largest ocean. It is surrounded by Asia, Africa and Australia. The Southern Ocean (Antarctic Ocean) is the 4th largest. It lies to the south of 60° south latitude and encircling Antarctica. The Arctic Ocean is in the north pole extending south to 60° north.
Seas:
Mediterranean Sea:
It is located to the south of Europe and Anatolia, to the north of Africa and to the west of Asia. It connects to the Atlantic Ocean through the Strait of Gibraltar.
Caribbean Sea:
It is between North and South America. It is a sea of the Atlantic Ocean.
Arabian Sea:
It is in the Indian Ocean region between India and Africa. To the west of it is the Gulf of Aden which connects it to the Red Sea. In the northwest is the Gulf of Oman which connects it to the Persian Gulf
Caspian Sea:
It is between Europe and Asia. It is world’s largest inland body of water. It is bordered by Russia, Azerbaijan, Iran, Turkmenistan and Kazakhstan
Black Sea:
It is a sea of the Atlantic Ocean lying between Europe and Asia. Its main rivers are Danube, Dnieper and Don. It flows into the Mediterranean Sea.
Red Sea:
It is a sea of the Indian Ocean lying between Africa and Asia. Bab el Mandeb strait and the Gulf of Aden connect it to the ocean in the south. The Suez Canal, which is an artificial waterway, connects it to the Mediterranean Sea.
Adriatic Sea:
It is the north arm of Mediterranean Sea. It separates Italian Peninsula and the Balkan Peninsula
Dead Sea:
Dead Sea is not a Sea. It is a Salt Lake between Jordan and Israel. It lies in the Jordan rift valley. Jordan river is its tributary
Rivers of World:
The Nile:
It is the longest river in the world stretching from East Africa to the Mediterranean. It flows into the Mediterranean Sea. Some researchers think Amazon is the longest river. It covers Egypt and Sudan.
The Amazon:
It is the largest river in the world by volume. It is the second longest river in the world though some researchers think it is the longest. It flows into the Atlantic Ocean. It is located in South America.
Yangtze river:
It is the 3rd longest river in the world. It originates in the glacier of the Tibetan plateau. It flows into the East China Sea.
Volga:
It is the longest river in Europe. It is situated in Russia. Many large Russian cities are in its drainage basin. It flows into Caspian Sea.
Danube:
It is the 2nd largest river in Europe. It originates in Black Forest in Germany. It flows into the Black Sea.
Mississippi:
It is the largest in the United States. It originates from Lake Itasca in Minnesota and flows into the Gulf of Mexico.
The Congo:
It is the 2nd largest river in Africa after the Nile. It is the world’s deepest recorded river.
Zambezi:
It originates in Zambia and flows into the Indian Ocean. The Victoria falls is on this river.
Mekong:
It is a trans-boundary river. It originates in Tibetan Plateau and flows through China, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Myanmar and Vietnam.
Indian rivers are divided into Himalayan River systems and Peninsular River systems based on source. The Himalayan River systems are the Indus River system, the Ganga River system and the Brahmaputra River system. The Peninsular River systems are Godavari, Krishna, Kaveri and Mahanadi, Narmada and Tapi (Tapti). The Himalayan rivers originate from the Himalayas and the Peninsular rivers originate from the western ghats. The Himalayan rivers get water from rainfall and melting ice and therefore are perennial. The Peninsular rivers get water from rainfall and therefore are seasonal. Many of the peninsular rivers have straight courses
The Indus River system:
It originates in Tibet near Manasarovar Lake. It enters India in Jammu and Kashmir. It flows into the Arabian Sea near Karachi in Pakistan. The main tributaries of the Indus in India are Sutlej, Beas, Chenab, Ravi and Jhelum
The Ganges River system:
The Ganges River system originates at Gangotri Glacier in the Himalayas. The glacier melts into Bhagirathi River. The Bhagirathi River joins the Alaknanda River at Devprayag to officially form the Ganga River. Yamuna, Son. Gomti, Ghaghara, Gandak and Kosi are some of the tributaries of the river Ganga. Ganga flows through the states of Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar and West Bengal. It ends up in the Bay of Bengal
The Brahmaputra River system:
It originates in Tibet in Himalayas. In Tibet it is known as Tsangpo river. It enters India in Arunachal Pradesh. In Arunachal Pradesh it is called the Dihang river. It goes through Assam and into Bangladesh. Then, it enters into Bay of Bengal.
The Godavari River:
It Originates at Triambakeshwar in Maharashtra. It is the 2nd longest river in India. It flows through the states of Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Orissa, Telangana, Karnataka, Puducherry and Andhra Pradesh. It finally flows into Bay of Bengal in Andhra Pradesh. Some tributaries are Indravati, Sabari, Manjira and Penganga.
The Krishna River:
It originates in Mahabaleshwar region in Maharashtra. It is the 3rd longest river in India. It flows through Telangana, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh. It enters Bay of Bengal in Andhra Pradesh. Some tributaries are Tungabhadra, Ghataprabha and Malaprabha.
The Kaveri River:
It originates in Kogadu in Karnataka. It flows through Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu. It enters Bay of Bengal in Tamil Nadu. Some tributaries are Hemavati, Arkavati and Moyari.
The Narmada River:
It originates in Amarkantak range of mountains in Madhya Pradesh. It flows from east to west through the states of Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra and Gujarat. It enters Arabian Sea in Gujarat.
The Tapi (Tapti) river:
It rises in Multai in Madhya Pradesh. It flows east to west through the states of Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra and Gujarat. It enters Arabian Sea at Gulf of Khambhat in Gujarat.
The Mahanadi:
It originates in Chhattisgarh. It flows through Jharkhand, Orissa and Maharashtra. It enters Bay of Bengal in Orissa.