General Knowledge
General Knowledge - Part3
162) What is Ozone?
Ozone is a colourless gas. It absorbs ultraviolet B from sunlight and protects life on earth
163) What is Dobson unit?
It is a unit of measure of total ozone
164) What is ozone hole?
The southern polar region where the ozone is being depleted due to chemical reactions of chlorine and bromine is called ozone hole
165) Which is the smallest ocean?
Arctic
166) What is dead sea also called?
Salt Sea
167) Where is dead sea located?
It is located between Israel and Jordan
168) Which country is land of rising sun?
Japan
169) Which are the highest and extensive mountain ranges in Europe?
The Alps stretch about 750 miles (1210 km)
170) Which countries the Alps stretches over?
Austria, Italy, Switzerland, France, Monaco, Slovenia, Liechtenstein and Germany
171) Which is the highest mountain in the Alps?
Mont Blanc
172) Which is the highest peak in Europe
Mount Elbrus
173) Which are the longest mountain ranges in North America?
The Rocky Mountains alias the Rockies extending over 3000 miles (4800 km) from New Mexico in USA to British Columbia in Canada
174) Where are the Appalachian mountains?
They are in United States
175) Which is the longest above water mountain range?
The Andes in South America. It is about 4300 miles (7000 km) long stretching over Peru, Venezuela, Chile, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Argentina
176) Which is the highest peak in the Andes mountain range?
Mt. Aconcagua. It is 6962m (22,841 ft) in height.
177) What is a river?
A river is a narrow body of water flowing downhill
178) What is a tributary?
A small stream or river flowing into a large river or lake
179) What is brackish water?
It is water in natural environment that is more saline than fresh water but less saline than sea water
180) Which is an estuary?
It is partially enclosed coastal brackish water with rivers or streams flowing into it and has connection to sea. Generally found where river meets sea
181) Which is the largest estuary?
Saint Lawrence river estuary that connects the Great lakes to the Atlantic Ocean
182) What is a lake?
It is a large body of water surrounded by land
183) What is a strait?
It is narrow area of water connecting two large areas of water
184) What is a channel?
It is area of water wider than strait connecting two large areas of water. Mostly connecting two seas
185) What is a canal?
It is man made waterway that allows ships or boats to pass from one water body to another water body. It can also be used for irrigation
186) What is a bay?
A broad inlet of sea where land curves inward. Coastline exists on three sides of a bay
187) What is a gulf?
It is a more deeper inlet of sea than bay where land curves inward. The entrance is more enclosed than a bay
188) Where is black sea and which countries bound the black sea?
Black sea lies between Europe and Asia. Ukraine, Russia, Bulgaria, Georgia, Romania and Turkey bound the black sea
189) Which rivers flow into black sea?
Danube, Dnieper, Don and Dniester
190) Which continents are separated by Mediterranean sea?
Europe and Africa
191) What connects the Mediterranean sea and the Atlantic ocean?
The Strait of Gibraltar
192) Between which continents is Caspian Sea located?
It is between Europe and Asia
193) Which is the world’s largest body of water surrounded by land on all sides (inland body of water)?
Caspian sea
194) What is an ocean?
It is a large body of salt water covering more than 70% of earth’s surface
195) What is a sea?
It is part of the ocean bounded by land
196) Which are the three largest oceans?
The Pacific ocean is the largest ocean. The Atlantic ocean is the second largest ocean. The Indian ocean is the third largest ocean
197) How many litres of blood is there in human body?
Around 5 litres of blood
198) What does blood consist of?
Blood consists of liquids and solids. The liquid part which is called plasma is made of salts, water and protein. It is about 55% of blood. The solid part of blood consists of red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets
199) What are Red blood cells?
Red blood cells transport oxygen from lungs to organs and tissues. The Haemoglobin which is a protein present in red blood cells does this function. It also transports carbon dioxide from organs and tissues to the lungs. Red blood cells live for about 120 days
200) What are white blood cells?
White blood cells fight infection
201) What are Platelets?
Platelets help blood to clot when there is an injury to the body. They live for about 10 days
202) What makes new blood cells?
Bone marrow which is a spongy material in the bones make blood cells
203) What are the types of blood?
The types of blood are A, B, AB and O. Blood can be Rh-positive or Rh-negative
204) Which mosquitoes spreads malaria and filaria?
Anopheles mosquitoes
205) What are the three main parts of human brain?
The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain. It is about 85% of the weight of the brain. It controls memory, emotions, speech and thoughts. The cerebellum helps us walk upright. The brainstem connects the brain with the spinal cord.
206) What are the three layers of skin?
The outer layer of the skin is called epidermis. It contains skin cells, pigments and proteins. The layer under the epidermis is called the dermis. It contains blood vessels, nerves, oil glands and hair follicles. The layer under the dermis is called the subcutaneous layer. It contains sweat glands, fat, blood vessels and hair follicles.
207) What type of infection is covid-19?
It is respiratory infection
208) In which city was coronavirus first identified?
Wuhan
209) What is the official name of covid-19 virus?
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
210) What are coronaviruses?
Coronaviruses are a type of virus. The virus outer layers are covered with spike proteins that stick up like in a crown. Corona means crown
211) What are the popular covid-19 viruses?
Delta (B.1.617.2), Omicron (B.1.1.529), Alpha (B.1.1.7), Beta (B.1.351), Gamma (P.1)
212) What are different types of covid-19 vaccines?
| Type of Covid-19 Vaccine | Covid-19 Vaccine |
|---|---|
| Viral Vector/Adenovirus | Oxford/Astrazeneca (Covishield) |
| Viral Vector/Adenovirus | Johnson and Johnson |
| Viral Vector/Adenovirus | CanSino |
| Viral Vector/Adenovirus | Sputnik |
| Genetic/mRNA | Pfizer/BioNTech |
| Genetic/mRNA | Moderna |
| Genetic/mRNA | CureVac |
| Inactivated Vaccines | Covaxin (Bharat Biotech) |
| Inactivated Vaccines | Sinovac |
| Inactivated Vaccines | Sinopharm (Coronavac) |
| Protein Vaccines | Novavax |
| Protein Vaccines | SanofiGSK |
213) When did WHO named coronavirus disease as covid-19?
11 February 2020
214) What is black fungus?
Black fungus (Mucormycosis) is caused by mucormycetes affecting lungs, sinuses, skin and brain. The symptoms are nasal congestion, facial swelling and headache
215) What are T cells?
T cells which develop from stem cells in the bone marrow are part of the immune system which protect the body from infection.
216) What is convalescent plasma therapy?
The blood is transfused from recovered covid-19 patients to a coronavirus patient who is in critical condition
217) What is hypertension?
It is increase in blood pressure
218) What test is used to detect Typhoid?
Widal test
219) Which disease does the organism protozoan cause?
Malaria
220) What are bacteria?
They are one-celled organisms
221) Which bacteria helps in digestion?
Lactobacillus
222) What are viruses?
Viruses are infectious microscopic agents containing genetic material. They need hosts like human cells to multiply. They cause many diseases.
223) What is cataract?
The eye lens becomes hazy or opaque. As a result there is decrease in vision. Mostly happens in old age. Treatment is surgery
224) How do you see?
The cornea and lens in the eye refract the light to land on retina. The retina converts light to signals that go to brain and form images
225) What is refractive error?
This happens when eye does not properly focus light on retina, because the shape of cornea or lens not allowing light to bend properly
226) What is Myopia?
Myopia is near sightedness and distant objects are not visible properly. The light rays focus in front of retina instead of on it. Concave lens is used to correct myopia
227) What is Hypermetropia?
Hypermetropia is long sightedness and near objects are not visible properly. The light rays focus behind the retina instead of on it. Convex lens is used to correct hypermetropia
228) What is Astigmatism?
Mostly the lens of the eye or the cornea have an irregular curve in case of Astigmatism. This makes the light entering the eye refract unevenly and hence cannot properly focus on retina. The vision becomes blurry.
229) What disease does Salmonella typhi cause?
Typhoid
230) What is BCG (Bacille Calmette-Guérin)?
It is a vaccine for tuberculosis.
231) Which vitamin deficiency causes scurvy disease?
Vitamin C
232) Which vitamin deficiency causes beriberi disease?
Vitamin B1
233) Which vitamin deficiency causes problems with coagulation of blood?
Vitamin K
234) Which vitamin deficiency causes Rickets?
Vitamin D
235) What are ligaments?
They are tissues that hold bones, joints and organs in place
236) What is Stapes?
It is the smallest bone in the human body
237) Which is the first country in the world to use facial verification in its national identity scheme?
Singapore
238) Which atmospheric layer is called cold layer?
Mesosphere
239) Which is green planet?
Uranus
240) Which is red planet?
Mars
241) Which is blue planet?
Neptune
242) Which is grey planet?
Mercury
243) Which test is conducted to diagnose HIV?
ELISA test
244) What is sublimation?
The process of solid changing directly into gas instead of liquid
245) What is condensation?
The process of water vapor becoming liquid
246) What is evaporation?
The process of liquid becoming water vapor