History

History - Part2

History notes is helpful in UPSC exams, RRB NTPC exams, SSC CGL exams, Bank exams and more. This is part of UPSC syllabus etc.

81) When did World War 1 start and end?
World War 1 started on 28 July 1914 and ended on 11 November 1918
82) What is the cause for World War 1?
It began after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, the Austro-Hungarian heir, by Gavrilo Princip, a Bosnian Serb. On 28 July, Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia
83) What are the 2 main powers of World War 1?
The war was between the Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire (Turkey)) and the Allies (Great Britain, France, Italy, Russia, Japan, USA)
84) Who won the World War 1?
The Allies won the World War 1
85) How did World War 1 end?
Germany signed Armistice on 11 November 1918 and that ended the World War 1
86) What is the Treaty of Versailles?
The treaty of Versailles was important peace treaty of World War 1. It was signed by Germany and the Allied nations on 28 June 1919 in the palace of Versailles. Germany had to admit being guilty of the war and has to pay. Germany was prohibited to have a large military
87) What is July crisis?
July crisis was events that followed the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand on 28 June 1914. There were major diplomatic and military escalations in Europe which led to World War 1
88) When did World War 2 start and end?
World War 2 began on 1 September 1939 to 2 September 1945. It began when Hitler invaded Poland
89) What is the cause of World War 2?
The major causes of World War 2 are the impact of “Treaty of Versailles”, the Economic depression, the rise of Germany’s and Japan’s military and the failure of the League of nations
90) What are the main powers of World War 2?
The main powers of World War 2 are Axis powers (Germany, Italy and Japan) and the Allies (International military coalition). The 3 great allies were the Great Britain, the United States and the Soviet Union.

91) What did French Revolution start?
1789
92) When did the Korean war occur?
1950 to 1953
93) Which war is called the forgotten war?
The Korean war
94) When did Vietnam war occur?
1955-1975
95) When did the Iran-Iraq war occur?
1980-1988
96) When did gulf war occur?
1990-91. Iraq invaded Kuwait
97) What is Magna Carta(“Great Charter”)?
It is a document that guarantees the political liberties of the English. It declares the sovereign be subject to the rule of law. It documents the liberties held by free men. This was granted by King John in the year 1215.
98) What is Constantinople?
Constantinople was the capital city of Byzantine empire. It was famous for trade. The modern name of Constantinople is Istanbul
99) When did America got independence?
July 4, 1776
100) When did Napoleon invaded italy?
1796

101) When did Napoleon claim the title of emperor?
1804
102) When did Napoleon became King of Italy ?
1805
103) Which is the first black Republic which gained independence from European colonial rule
Haiti
104) When was the battle of Trafalgar fought?
It was fought on 21 Oct 1805.
105) Between whom was the battle of Trafalgar fought??
It was fought between British Navy and the fleets of France and Spain
106) Which Greek historian called Egypt the gift of the Nile?
Herodotus
107) In which country did the first industrial revolution start?
Great Britain
108) Who was the last emperor of Rome?
Romulus Augustus
109) What is eighty years’ war(1568-1648)?
It is the Dutch war of independence
110) What is the significance of 336 BC?
Alexander the Great became the King of Macedonia

111) Which country started the first newspaper?
China
112) When did Vasco da Gama discover India?
1498
113) When did Columbus discover America?
1492
114) When did the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) came into effect?
1994
115) Who was the founder of Mongol empire?
Genghis Khan
116) What is League of Nations?
It was an international organization founded after the first world war to maintain peace in the world
117) Who fought the hundred years war?
France and Great Britain
118) What is the Silk road?
It refers to a network of routes used by traders from 2nd century BCE to 14th century CE stretching from Asia, Middle east to the Europe
119) When did the Berlin wall between east and west Germany fall?
1989
120) Who was the first King of the Persian empire?
Cyrus

121) Who is Homer?
He is a Greek poet to whom is attribute the authorship of the Iliad and the Odyssey
122) What is the powerful political unit in ancient Greece?
city-state
123) What are the powerful city-states in ancient Greece?
Athens and Sparta
124) What are ancient Greece common forms of government?
Tyranny – ruled by a person who acquired power forcefully
Oligarchy – ruled by group of people
Monarchy – ruled by person who inherited power
Democracy – rule by people
125) Who is Aristophanes?
He was the famous writer of comedy plays in ancient Greece
126) Who is Thucydides?
He was an ancient Greece historian and general who chronicled the Peloponnesian war between Athens and Sparta.
127) Who won the Peloponnesian war between Athens and Sparta
Sparta
128) Who is Xenophon?
He was ancient Greece writer who wrote “Anabasis” and “Memorabilia”
129) In which ancient civilization is “polis” a city-state?
Ancient Greek civilization

130) What is Ecclesia?
A political assembly of citizens of ancient Greek states

131) What is agora?
It is an open place where citizens can meet for various activities in ancient Greek cities
132) What is Hellenistic age?
It is the period between 323 BCE when Alexander the Great died and 30 BCE when Egypt was conquered by Rome
133) Who was the first King of Rome?
Romulus
134) Who are the patricians and the plebeians?
The patricians are the upper class people and the plebeians are the lower class people in ancient Rome
135) What is Comitia Centuriata and Comitia Tributa?
Comitia Centuriata is military assembly in ancient Rome.
Comitia Tributa is assembly for all citizens
136) What are Punic Wars (Carthaginian Wars)?
These are wars between the Roman Republic and the Carthaginian empire.
137) When were Punic Wars fought?
First Punic War 264 BCE to 241 BCE
Second Punic War 218 BCE to 201 BCE
Third Punic War 149 BCE to 146 BCE

138) Who fought Battle of Pharsalus and when?
It was fought between Julius Caesar and Pompey in 48 BCE near Pharsalus. Caesar won

139) Which river flows through the city of Rome?
The Tiber river
140) Who discovered the Indus Valley Civilization?
Sir John Marshall

141) Who first expanded the Achaemenid Persian Empire?
Cyrus
142) When did the Achaemenid Empire fall?
When Alexander the Great conquered it
143) Who reorganized the Persian empire by dividing it into satrapies?
Darius
144) For what was Persepolis (Parsa) famous for in ancient Persian Achaemenid empire?
It was the capital city founded by Darius
145) When was the battle of Hastings fought?
1066 CE
146) Who fought the battle of Hastings?
It was fought between William of Normandy along with Normans and King Harold II along with English army
147) When was the battle of Waterloo?
The battle of Waterloo was in 1815
148) Who fought the battle of Waterloo?
It was fought between Napoleon’s French army and the coalition led by Duke of Wellington and Marshal Blucher
149) In which battle was Napoleon defeated?
Battle of Waterloo
150) When was North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) founded?
1949 April 4

151) When did the Korean War start?
1950 June 25
152) What is 38th Parallel?
It is the line between North Korea and South Korea
153) When was the battle of Trafalgar?
1805
154) Who fought the battle of Trafalgar?
It was fought between British and France during Napoleon era
155) When was the Russian Revolution?
1917
156) When was United Nations Organization (UNO) established
1945
157) In which year did Alexander become King?
336 BCE
158) Who fought 100 years’ war?
England and France
159) Who fought Falklands war?
Argentina and Britain
160) Who was the first emperor of Rome?
Augustus